As digital transformation continues to expand and the AI-driven technology cycle gains momentum, networks and data infrastructure are becoming increasingly important to the way economies and societies operate. While this technological growth creates significant opportunities, it also comes with a responsibility to manage its environmental consequences.

Nokia recognizes that the expansion of technology must be accompanied by greater attention to sustainability. The company is therefore taking measurable steps to reduce its environmental footprint, with particular emphasis on cutting greenhouse gas emissions, improving energy efficiency and strengthening circularity. The goal is to ensure that technological advancement contributes to a more sustainable future.

Reducing emissions across the value chain
Nokia is working to lower its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3, while simultaneously increasing its focus on circular practices. Addressing emissions throughout the value chain is important because a significant portion of the environmental impact associated with technology occurs beyond a company’s own facilities.

By 2025, Nokia had reduced its combined Scope 1, 2 and 3 GHG emissions by 27% from its 2019 baseline. Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions recorded an even larger reduction of 86%, driven by improvements involving company facilities, vehicle fleets and purchased electricity.
The emissions included within Nokia’s Science-Based Targets initiative Net-Zero target stood at 30.5 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent, representing a 27% reduction compared with 2019.

Progress was also recorded among suppliers, whose emissions fell by 66% compared with the 2019 level. Nokia acknowledges, however, that continued efforts are needed to further improve the accuracy and quality of emissions data throughout the supply chain.

Improving energy efficiency and renewable energy use
Energy consumption associated with telecommunications products is an important part of their overall environmental impact. Nokia is therefore focusing on making its products more energy efficient, helping to reduce electricity consumption as well as emissions generated throughout their operational lifecycles.

The company is also increasing the proportion of renewable energy used to operate its own facilities. During 2025, renewable sources accounted for 96% of the electricity consumed at Nokia-owned and leased locations.

The increased use of renewable electricity contributed substantially to the reduction of market-based Scope 2 emissions. Nokia remains committed to taking this further, with the objective of powering its own facilities with 100% renewable electricity.

Building a more circular approach
Reducing emissions is only one part of Nokia’s environmental strategy. Greater circularity — including reducing waste and increasing the recovery and reuse of materials — is another important element of its sustainability efforts.

In 2025, Nokia achieved a 90% waste circularity rate across activities including offices, laboratories, final assembly operations, installations and product take-back programs. This represents continued progress toward its goal of reaching 95% circularity by 2030.

The company also reported 98% packaging recyclability and achieved 50% recycled content in cardboard and plastic packaging. Plastic accounted for just 9% of the total weight of primary packaging, allowing Nokia to meet its stated targets in these areas.

Beyond packaging, Nokia is continuing to explore ways to increase the use of recycled metals in its products, helping to reduce dependence on newly extracted raw materials.

The importance of continued action
The rapid expansion of digital technologies means that managing their environmental impact will require long-term and measurable efforts. Nokia’s approach combines reductions in Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions with greater reliance on renewable electricity, improvements in energy efficiency and increased circularity.

Through these initiatives, the company aims to progressively reduce its environmental footprint while maintaining transparency and accountability as technology continues to evolve.

For over a century, Radius has been building strong networks to gather, process, and supply recycled metals to customers across North America and worldwide. Today, our mission is more critical than ever.

With the rise of low-carbon technologies, such as those used in electric vehicle batteries and wind turbines, the demand for metals has grown significantly. These technologies require more metal than the ones they replace. Factors like shortages of nonferrous metals like copper, manufacturers' increasing reliance on recycled materials, and the growth of electric arc furnace steelmaking—which primarily uses recycled ferrous metals—have further amplified the need for recycled metals.

Through our metals recycling operations, including Pick-N-Pull, we process millions of tons of materials annually. Appliances, construction debris, manufacturing byproducts, and end-of-life vehicles are transformed into recycled metals that steel mills and copper and aluminum smelters worldwide use to create new products. At our Cascade steel mill, we produce some of the world’s lowest-carbon rebar and wire rod under our GRN Steel™ line. Additionally, our 3PR™ services offer businesses environmental solutions to enhance recycling rates and recover materials across a wide range of commodities.

Advancing Sustainability in Metal Recycling
Our commitment to sustainability drives what we do and underscores its importance. Nearly a decade ago, we established a sustainability framework centered on People, Planet, and Profit. In 2019, we introduced multi-year goals tied to these pillars and developed metrics to measure progress. Each year, we evaluate our advancements, refine our goals, and adopt new initiatives and technologies to keep progressing.

In fiscal 2024, nearly 90% of our facilities maintained a record of zero lost-time injuries, and we achieved a 16% year-over-year reduction in total case incident rates. We were proud to be recognized by the Ethisphere Institute for the 10th consecutive year as one of the World’s Most Ethical Companies and to achieve Great Place to Work® certification for the fourth consecutive year. These accomplishments reflect our workforce’s adaptability, our culture’s resilience, and the strength of our operations—all made possible by our employees' dedication to our core values of Safety, Sustainability, and Integrity.

We also made strides in reducing greenhouse gas emissions at our recycling facilities, cutting emissions by 30% compared to our 2019 baseline. This was bolstered by completing an advanced air emissions control system at our Portland, Oregon, metal shredding facility. For the fourth year running, we achieved 100% net carbon-free electricity use at our recycling sites and expanded our ISO-certified Environmental Management System to include half of our facilities.

Supporting Communities and Driving Positive Change
Beyond environmental efforts, we work to reduce the environmental impact of our customers’ and suppliers’ operations while serving as a responsible community partner. For instance, our teams in Hawaii helped process debris from the Maui wildfires, contributing to the island's recovery. In California, our Oakland metals facility collaborated with state and regional agencies to retire end-of-life transit cars and improve air quality by removing older, polluting vehicles from use. Whether forming government partnerships or responding to emergencies, our teams consistently rise to the occasion.

Positioned for a Sustainable Future
As we look ahead, we are ready to capitalize on opportunities presented by the global push for decarbonization and the growing metal intensity of sustainable technologies. This year’s report highlights our progress toward sustainability goals and reaffirms why Radius continues to lead the recycling industry.